{"id":224733,"date":"2026-03-09T12:48:06","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T10:48:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=224733"},"modified":"2026-03-12T15:25:15","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T13:25:15","slug":"osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/en\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ottoman Legal Framework and the Economic History of Bulgarian Lands in the 15th \u2013 18th Centuries"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"mailto:k.mutafova@ts.uni-vt.bg\"><strong>Krassimira Mutafova<\/strong><\/a>,<br \/>\nProfessor, DSc.<br \/>\nDepartment of Ancient and Medieval History of the Faculty of History<br \/>\n\u201eSt Cyril and St Methodius\u201c University of Veliko Tarnovo<br \/>\n2, T. Tarnovski St.<br \/>\n5003 Veliko Tarnovo BULGARIA<br \/>\nE-mail: <a href=\"mailto:k.mutafova@ts.uni-vt.bg\">k.mutafova@ts.uni-vt.bg<\/a><br \/>\nSCOPUS Researcher ID: 57209621522<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-3721<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/publons.com\/researcher\/3643680\/krasimira-mutafova<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-146829\" src=\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"32\" height=\"40\" srcset=\"https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon.jpg 1532w, https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon-239x300.jpg 239w, https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon-817x1024.jpg 817w, https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon-768x963.jpg 768w, https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon-1226x1536.jpg 1226w, https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon-750x940.jpg 750w, https:\/\/philosophy.azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon-1140x1429.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 32px) 100vw, 32px\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff2600;\">\u0421\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Pages: 171 \u2013 207\u00a0 |\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/978-619-7667-80-6-v1.04\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/978-619-7667-80-6-v1.04<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> The focus of this chapter is on several main issues. The changes in the approaches and methodology of researching the Ottoman economy and the economic history of the Bulgarians in the 15th \u2013 18th centuries in Bulgarian and world Ottoman studies are outlined. The discussion theses and hypotheses are commented in the post-liberation historiography and in the studies of V. Mutafchieva, B. Tsvetkova, S. Dimitrov, E. Grozdanova, etc. until the end of the 1980s, influenced by the so-called formational theory of the development of the society, but also by the achievements of the best Ottoman scholars (\u00d6. L. Barkan, M. G\u00f6kbilgin, H. Inal\u00e7\u0131k, M., Gen\u00e7, \u00d6. Ergen\u00e7 etc.). Qualitatively different approaches to the study of this issue at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries have been highlighted in the studies of Tsv. Georgieva, E. Radushev, St. Parveva, Sv. Ivanova, M. Petkova, K. Mutafova, P. Andonova and others. In the context of the latest research and the available source base (kanuns, kanunnames, fermans, fetvas of the Ottoman \u015eeyh\u00fclislams, etc.), including unpublished Ottoman kanuns and kanunnames, preceding the detailed descriptive registers (mufassal defters and tahrir defters) for the land holdings and population in the individual sancaks of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman legal framework determining the development of economic life and the place of the Bulgarians in it is traced. One of the accents is placed on the legal cases and regulations concerning Ottoman agrarian relations and institutions in the legislations (kanuns, kanunnames, etc.) and the legislative acts of the Ottoman sultans. A number of issues of the centralized policy and legal frameworks of the development of the urban economy in the Ottoman Empire and in the Bulgarian lands in the 15th \u2013 17th centuries are clarified.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> Economic History; Ottoman empire; Rumeli provinces; Bulgarian lands; agrarian relations; urban economy; Ottoman documents; kanun; kanunname; fermans; mufassal deft\u0435ris<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Krassimira Mutafova, Professor, DSc. Department of Ancient and Medieval History of the Faculty of History \u201eSt Cyril and St Methodius\u201c University of Veliko Tarnovo 2, T. Tarnovski St. 5003 Veliko Tarnovo BULGARIA E-mail: k.mutafova@ts.uni-vt.bg SCOPUS Researcher ID: 57209621522 https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-3721 https:\/\/publons.com\/researcher\/3643680\/krasimira-mutafova Pages: 171 \u2013 207\u00a0 |\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/978-619-7667-80-6-v1.04 Abstract. The focus of this chapter is on several [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[]},"categories":[16903],"tags":[16923,12644,16921,16928,16926,16927,16929,16925,6490,16922,16924],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XV \u2013 XVIII \u0432\u0435\u043a - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XV \u2013 XVIII \u0432\u0435\u043a - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Krassimira Mutafova, Professor, DSc. Department of Ancient and Medieval History of the Faculty of History \u201eSt Cyril and St Methodius\u201c University of Veliko Tarnovo 2, T. Tarnovski St. 5003 Veliko Tarnovo BULGARIA E-mail: k.mutafova@ts.uni-vt.bg SCOPUS Researcher ID: 57209621522 https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-3721 https:\/\/publons.com\/researcher\/3643680\/krasimira-mutafova Pages: 171 \u2013 207\u00a0 |\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/978-619-7667-80-6-v1.04 Abstract. The focus of this chapter is on several [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-09T10:48:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-12T13:25:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd\"},\"headline\":\"\u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XV \u2013 XVIII \u0432\u0435\u043a\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-09T10:48:06+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-12T13:25:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/\"},\"wordCount\":425,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"agrarian relations\",\"Bulgarian lands\",\"Economic History\",\"fermans\",\"kanun\",\"kanunname\",\"mufassal deft\u0435ris\",\"Ottoman documents\",\"Ottoman empire\",\"Rumeli provinces\",\"urban economy\"],\"articleSection\":[\"\u0421\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0442. 1\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/\",\"name\":\"\u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XV \u2013 XVIII \u0432\u0435\u043a - 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Department of Ancient and Medieval History of the Faculty of History \u201eSt Cyril and St Methodius\u201c University of Veliko Tarnovo 2, T. Tarnovski St. 5003 Veliko Tarnovo BULGARIA E-mail: k.mutafova@ts.uni-vt.bg SCOPUS Researcher ID: 57209621522 https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-3721 https:\/\/publons.com\/researcher\/3643680\/krasimira-mutafova Pages: 171 \u2013 207\u00a0 |\u00a0 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/978-619-7667-80-6-v1.04 Abstract. The focus of this chapter is on several [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/","og_site_name":"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/","article_published_time":"2026-03-09T10:48:06+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-03-12T13:25:15+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-icon.jpg"}],"author":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/"},"author":{"name":"\u201e\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\u201c","@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/#\/schema\/person\/de220d282eaa494f914ce0fd838645dd"},"headline":"\u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XV \u2013 XVIII \u0432\u0435\u043a","datePublished":"2026-03-09T10:48:06+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-12T13:25:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/"},"wordCount":425,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/vocedu.azbuki.bg\/#organization"},"keywords":["agrarian relations","Bulgarian lands","Economic History","fermans","kanun","kanunname","mufassal deft\u0435ris","Ottoman documents","Ottoman empire","Rumeli provinces","urban economy"],"articleSection":["\u0421\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0442. 1"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/","url":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/stopanska-istoriya-na-balgarite-v-osmanskata-imperiya-t-1\/osmanskata-zakonova-ramka-i-stopanskata-istoriya-na-balgarskite-zemi-prez-xv-xviii-vek\/","name":"\u041e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XV \u2013 XVIII \u0432\u0435\u043a - 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