Philosophy, Number 4/2019, Volume 28

History of Philosophy

American Neorealism and Consciousness

Abstract. The article focuses on the theoretical understanding of the nature of consciousness in the various conceptual developments of thinkers of American neo-realism. Identical theoretical thesis are shown of the nature of consciousness, of objects, as well as their relation, knowledge sphere and cognitive field of consciousness, the correlation between consciousness and biophysical human organization. The insignificant differences in the detailed definition of the nature of consciousness are revealed, which do not change the characteristic theoretical position concerning the problem.

Keywords: American Neorealism; Consciousness; Object; knowledge sphere; cognitive field; relationship

Georgi Belogashev
St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Turnovo

LOGICAL CHALLENGES

Kant’s System of Judgments

Abstract. In the Transcendental Analytic of Critique of Pure Reason Kant realizes a remarkable achievement – he derives the system of logical functions of judgment. This is namely the “legal claim”, which Kant’s investigation of the judgment has to prove in front of the court of reason. For this purpose, we will undertake a reconstruction of the course of proofs on which Kant generates this system. We will start with its initial grounding – by introducing the pure concepts, which divide “the entire field of the understanding”. From here, we have to reveal the connection between the pure concepts of the understanding and the judgments in thinking. In this consideration, Kant acquires a new definition of judgment and a new establishing of its constitution. Finally, a solid proof must be presented for the logical principle and the completeness of the system of logical functions of judgment in thinking.

Keywords: Kant; philosophy of German Idealism; transcendental philosophy; transcendental logic; table of judgments

Silviya Kristeva
South-West University “Neofit Rilski” (Bulgaria)

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

Colonialism, Ethnicity and the Quest for Community Development in Africa

Abstract. The aspirations of post-colonial political elites in Africa can be summed up as the quest for development. This quest since independence, involves, in part, the pursuit of a common citizenship, shared nationality and common interests and values, the evolution of which provide the bedrock for mutual co-existence and the commitment of all to the common good. It also involves the establishment of institutions that will guarantee peace, justice, and fairness. However, the process of realizing these goals of broadening the scope of socio-political interactions have been vitiated by our colonial experiences and consequently unleashed certain centrifugal forces that have made the quest for community development in most African states a daunting task. The divisive tendencies of the colonialists created communal identities which provided a new symbolic and ethnocentric focus for each group where none existed and thus complicated the task of welding diverse elements in each colony into a coherent whole. This became the source of the proliferation of many life threatening conflicts which has impeded the process of community development in Africa. But why has these conflicts persist in spite of the several attempts to meet them? This paper argues that the above account fails because it ignores the values Africans place on human worth given expression in their communal context. The attempt here is to explore South Africa`s indigenous unifying social ethic of Ubuntu in arriving at a humane society that has a participatory value; founded on co-operation, charity, reconciliation and justice rather than the individualism of the West. This paper will, therefore, employ the analytic-descriptive method to examine the above in a manner many scholars have ignored in an attempt to develop a viable sense of community in Africa. Hence, it is expected that this paper will initiate a perspective that will challenge extant interpretation of this discourse.

Keywords: Africa; colonialism; ethnicity; community development; reconciliation; Ubuntu

Temisanren Ebijuwa
Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (Nigeria)

Post-industrial Capitalism, Collective Ideology and Alternative Truth Society

Abstract. In the following paper, I propose a short reconstruction of the history of capitalism up to the present time. I am going to argue that capitalism as a type of social system can be presented as self-adjusting ecosystem that directly influences our society and its ideals. In order to argue in favor of my thesis, I will present the contextual frame which promotes the emergence of the Collective Ideology (CI). I intend to show that, as a system of beliefs, CI comes as direct consequence of yet another evolution of “The Capital”. Finally, I am going to describe some of the features of what I shall call the Alternative Truth Society (ATS). I hope that I can show that ATS and CI are causally related, i.e. that the reasons for their emergence are the same. I will conclude that thus presented, the system of capitalism is accurately illustrated. The purpose of this text is to solely analyze phenomena and not argument for or against any postulation or position.

Keywords: capitalism; social ecosystems; collective ideology; alternative truth

Alain Klein
133. "A. S. Pushkin" High School

Philosophy of Arts

Paradigms of Cinema Communication – Constellations in the Field of Cinema Art

Abstract. Determining the structuring models of communication in the plane of cinema art – the paradigms of communication in the field of art that mediate not only the interactions in the ‘author-film-audience’ relation but also function as implicit premises, both in the creation of a film and the establishment of its expressional, emotional and meaning consistency, and in its being perceived, experienced and understood by each separate viewer, as well as by the audience as a whole – would contribute to the restored legitimacy of cinema as an art in the current informational and cultural contexts.

Keywords: paradigms; communications; cinema; author; audience

Irina Kitova
South-West University “Neofit Rilski” (Bulgaria)

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

Academic Autonomy in the Context of the Contemporary Idea of a University – Philosophical and Legal Aspects

Abstract. The subject of the present paper is academic autonomy as one of the fundamental principles for the functioning of the higher education institutions. The need to examine it is necessitated by changes in public attitudes and the resulting new requirements for higher education institutions. This demands the implementation of a multi-disciplinary (philosophical and legal) approach, through which both the notion of academic autonomy and its relationship with the idea of the university are to be explored. The changed attitudes towards the notion of knowledge, motivated by a number of factors (scientific, political, economic), have an impact on the idea of its free distribution and acquisition. This calls for the creation of new models of higher education and the necessary legal regulation of the relations between the higher education institutions and the state, based on a balance between the freedom and autonomy of the academic community and the state control.

Keywords: academic autonomy; self-management; university

1) Veselina Slavova, 2) Andriyana Andreeva, 2) Darina Dimitrova
1) Medical University „Prof. Dr. P. Stoyanov“
2) University of Economics – Varna

PSYCHOLOGY

Psychoanalytic Education and its Place in the Modern System of Education and Training

Stoil Mavrodiev, Lubomira Dimitrova
South-West University “Neofit Rilski” (Bulgaria)

Abstract. This article presents the essence of psychoanalytic education and its place in modern education and training. Our intention is to put the authors examine its genesis and essence, and to emphasize its usefulness in solving various problems in the process of education and training.

Keywords: psychoanalysis; рsychoanalytic рedagogy; education

BOOK REVIEWS

Ancient Indian Philosopher Bhartrihari for the First Time in Bulgarian

Abstract. The first part of the treatise
On the Sentences and Words (Vakyapadia) – Brahmakanda, of the Ancient Indian Philosopher Bhartrihari is presented. It was first published in Bulgarian in 2019. The treatise is described as one of the most emblematic products of the metaphysical philosophy of the language created in the framework of the Advaita Vedanta School. According to Professor Bratoeva, the translation of this remarkable philosophical text into Bulgarian was done by M. Patseva with professional skill. The analytical introduction to the text is a valuable attempt to bridge the ancient Indian and contemporary interpretations of the mechanism of language processes.

Keywords: Bhartrihari; Indian philosophу of language; Advaita Vedanta

Mitko Momov
St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Turnovo

Свързани статии:

Philosophy, Number 2/2019, Volume 28 Review about Andrei Leshkov’s Monography – “Auratical and Theatrical” (Basic Themes of Modern Aesthetic Thought) Freedom in the Context of the Russian Ethical Paradigm (Part II) Psychoanalytic Education and its Place in the Modern System of Education and Training